Odium
1. The state or fact of being hated.
2. A state of disgrace, usually resulting from detestable conduct
3. Hatred or strong aversion accompanied by loathing or contempt.
Book 1: History, Myths and Sacred Formulas of the Cherokee, James Mooney, 1992, Bright Mountain Books, ISBN 0-914875-19-1
Page 65
Agent for Cherokee declared in his official report that, with the exception of the Chickamauga band, the Indians wished to be at peace. In the summer, another expedition was organized against the Chickamauga towns.
Page 66
It was Joseph Brown who guided the expedition that rooted out the Chickamauga towns.
Pages 66-67
Cherokee surrendered their claim to the region and overthrew the Chickamauga warriors with their allies, the hostile Creek and Shawnee who refused to acknowledge the cession.
Page 71
Chickamauga towns again declared war, 1791.
Leonard Shaw was not safe 50 yards from the horse. Soon afterward, the Chickamauga towns again declared war in 1792. September, 1792, the Chickamauga formally declared war.
Page 71
September 1792, The Chickamauga towns formally declared war. Blount’s letter, March 20, 1792
Page 72
On the Cumberland side, it was directed that no pursuit should be continued beyond the Cherokee boundary, the Ridge between the water of Cumberland and Duck Rivers.
Page 73
September 30, 1792, the Indian force, consisting of several hundred Chickamauga … attacked Buchanan Station.
Page 74
In 1793, a series of attacks occurred all along the Tennessee frontier. As before, most of the depredation was by the Chickamauga.
Believing that the Cherokee Nation, with the exception of the Chickamaugas, was honestly trying to preserve peace, the territorial government, while making provision for the safety of the exposed settlements, had strictly prohibited any invasions of the Indian country.
Page 76
It was learned that Doublehead, of the Chickamauga towns, was trying to get the support of the valley towns, which however, continued to maintain an attitude of peace.
Page 78
The Tennesseans, especially those on the Cumberland, had long ago come to the conclusion that peace could be brought about only through the destruction of the Chickamauga towns.
Anticipating some action of this kind where the general government did not think necessary or advisable.
Page 79
Owing to the continued devastation of these towns during the Revolutionary struggle… principally of the Chickamauga band had removed across the Ohio River about 1782 and settled on Paint Creek a branch of the Scioto River… 1795, they left and returned to their people.
Page 83 note
Hawkins Treaty Commission, 1802, manuscript #5, in the Library of Georgia Historical Society. Under John Watts, Doublehead and Will, threatened to secede from the rest and leave those east of Chilhowee Mountains to shift for themselves.
Book 2: Cherokee Planters in Georgia 1832-1838, Don L. Shadburn, 1990, ISBN 0- 9674952-2-9
Pages 295-296
The Chickamauga, or Tsikamagi, possibly of Creek origin, may according to own authority, translate into dwelling place of the War Chief. The name gained some prominence in the eighteenth century after the Revolutionary War when a band of Cherokee, refusing to honor peace treaties forced upon them by American colonialists, withdrew from the Upper and Middle Cherokee towns and moved down the Tennessee River.
Book 3: The Cherokees, Grace Steele Woodward, University of Oklahoma Press, 1963, ISBN0-8061-1815-6
Page 102
Governor Miro urged Dragging Canoe and his Chickamaugans to give the Cumberland settler no rest. He promised these Indians a Spanish trading post on the Tennessee River from which they could procure arms and ammunition.
Page 105
Treaty of Hopewell – The commissioners further informed the Cherokee that Congress wanted none of the Indian land, nor anything else that belonged to them.
Page 106
Treaty of Hopewell forfeited the protection of the United States to any settlers.
Pate 107
Chickamaugan raids had become to widespread, so Governor Sevier called out the Franklin militia and there ensued a full-dress war between the state of Franklin and the blood-hungry Cherokee.
Page 108
Following his raid on the Dumplin Settlement, Bloody Fellow sent this message to John Sevier: I did not wish for war, but if the white people want war, that is what they will get.
Pages 110-112
A letter from Henry Knox to George Washington: The disgraceful violation of the Treaty of Hopewell with the Cherokee requires the serious consideration of Congress. If so direct and manifest contempt of the authority of the United States be suffered with impunity, it will be vain to attempt to extend the arm of government to the frontiers. Indian tribes can have no faith in such imbecile promises, and lawless whites will ridicule a government, which shall, on paper only, make Indian treaties and regulate Indian boundaries.
Page 115
The Overhill were not even notified by Doublehead of the distribution of trade goods and Little Turkey and his people were no longer able to fraternize with the Chickamaugans, who, at this point, seemed infinitely more barbaric that their forbears of the past century.
Page 121
Chiefs of mountain towns complained to Hawkins that the Chickamaugans “had received more than their share of spinning wheels and cards, and were consequently more advanced in making their own clothing as well as in farming.”
Andrew Jackson’s representatives from Tennessee introduced are solution which would reimburse Tennessee for the expense of John Sevier’s unauthorized campaign in 1793 against the Cherokee.
Page 122
Jackson, heartily disliking President Washington, …Washington threatened to send the regular army to Indian country to uphold the Indian rights.
Page 123
John Sevier, when conducting military raids against the Cherokee in the past had declared Cherokee children to be the nits that make lice and instructed his men to exterminate them along with their elders.
Page 128
Instructions from Jefferson to keep Cherokee in debt so that their land could more easily be obtained by the government
Page 130
The Council at Ustanali received no notice of when and where the distribution was to be made. Outraged by his turn of events, the legitimate Cherokee Nation Council vote to send a delegation to Washington City to request division of the Nation, with the Hiwassee Mountains serving as the dividing line between the Upper Cherokee and the Chickamaugans. (1806)
Page 131
However, in 1808, the Compact of 1802 was not needed to affect the removal of some 1,130 Chickamaugans to land west of the Mississippi(now known as Dardanelle, Arkansas). Jefferson had merely to suggest to Tahlonteskee and other Chickamaugans that if they did not care to remain in the same country we their enemy Countrymen, they could remove to Dardanelle Rock.
Page 193
Maj. W. M. Davis stated to Secretary of War that the Treaty of New Chota is no treaty at all, because not sanctioned by the great body of the Cherokee and made without their participation or assent.
(C) This document was produced at the request of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs on July 18, 2019, to document the History, Anthropology, Culture, Religion, and Archaeology of The Chickamauga Nation.